Ingredients
For the Rolls:
- 4 cups all-purpose flour
- 1/4 cup granulated sugar
- 1 teaspoon salt
- 1 packet (2 1/4 teaspoons) active dry yeast
- 1 cup warm milk (110°F or 43°C)
- 1/4 cup unsalted butter, melted
- 2 large eggs
For the Egg Wash:
- 1 egg
- 1 tablespoon water
**Instructions:**
1. **Activate the Yeast:**
In a small bowl, combine the warm milk and sugar. Sprinkle the yeast over the milk mixture and let it sit for about 5-10 minutes, or until foamy.
2. **Mix the Dough:**
In a large mixing bowl, combine 3 cups of flour and the salt. Make a well in the center and add the yeast mixture, melted butter, and eggs. Mix until the dough starts to come together.
3. **Knead the Dough:**
Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface and knead it for about 5-7 minutes, adding more flour as needed, until the dough is smooth and elastic. The dough should be slightly sticky but manageable.
4. **First Rise:**
Place the kneaded dough in a lightly greased bowl, cover it with a clean kitchen towel or plastic wrap, and let it rise in a warm place for about 1 to 1.5 hours, or until doubled in size.
5. **Shape the Rolls:**
Punch down the risen dough to release any air bubbles. Turn it out onto a floured surface and divide it into 12 equal portions. Shape each portion into a smooth ball by pulling the edges of the dough towards the center and pinching to seal.
6. **Second Rise:**
Place the shaped rolls on a greased baking pan, leaving a little space between them. Cover the pan with a towel or plastic wrap and let the rolls rise for another 30-45 minutes, or until they're puffy.
7. **Preheat the Oven:**
Preheat your oven to 375°F (190°C) during the last 10-15 minutes of the second rise.
8. **Prepare the Egg Wash:**
In a small bowl, whisk together the egg and water to create the egg wash.
9. **Brush and Bake:**
Gently brush the risen rolls with the egg wash. This will give them a golden-brown shine after baking. Bake the rolls in the preheated oven for about 15-20 minutes, or until they are nicely golden on top.
10. **Cool and Serve:**
Once baked, remove the rolls from the oven and transfer them to a wire rack to cool slightly. Enjoy the rolls warm with butter or your favorite spreads!
These Lunch Lady Rolls are perfect for serving with soups, stews, or as a side for a variety of meals. Enjoy the soft and comforting taste of homemade rolls right in your own kitchen!
The history of bread rolls, also known as dinner rolls, goes back hundreds of years and is closely intertwined with the history of bread itself. Here's a brief overview of the evolution and history of bread rolls:
**Ancient Times:**
Bread has been a staple food for civilizations throughout history. Ancient Egyptians are credited with being early pioneers in bread-making. They developed various types of bread, including flatbreads and leavened breads, by using techniques like fermentation with naturally occurring wild yeast. These early forms of bread served as the foundation for the development of bread rolls.
**Middle Ages:**
During the Middle Ages, bread continued to be a vital part of people's diets. Rolls started to emerge as a distinct type of bread. They were often smaller and more refined than the traditional loaves, making them suitable for individual portions and for serving at formal gatherings.
**17th and 18th Centuries:**
As culinary practices became more sophisticated, bread rolls gained popularity in aristocratic households and among the upper classes. Rolls were often shaped into intricate designs, reflecting the artistic and ornate nature of the time. They were often served as part of lavish banquets and formal meals.
**19th Century:**
With the advent of industrialization and improved baking techniques, bread rolls became more accessible to the general population. The growth of bakeries and commercial baking allowed for mass production of bread and rolls, making them more affordable and widely available.
**20th Century:**
Bread rolls became a common fixture in households and restaurants. Their versatility made them suitable for sandwiches, side dishes, and as accompaniments to various meals. They were often served in cafes, diners, and other eateries, becoming an essential part of many cuisines around the world.
**Varieties and Global Influence:**
Bread rolls evolved into a diverse range of shapes, sizes, and flavors. In different countries, they took on unique characteristics. For instance:
- In France, you have the petite and delicate "petit pain" or "pain de table."
- In Germany, the pretzel roll (Laugenbrötchen) and Kaiser roll (Kaisersemmel) are iconic.
- In the United States, the soft and fluffy dinner roll is a popular choice for Thanksgiving and other festive occasions.
**Modern Times:**
Today, bread rolls are enjoyed worldwide and are an integral part of many meals. They come in various textures, from crusty to soft, and can be enriched with ingredients like herbs, cheese, seeds, and more. While traditional methods of bread-making are still appreciated, modern technology and baking practices have made it easier to produce consistent and high-quality bread rolls on a larger scale.
The history of bread rolls is a testament to the evolution of culinary practices, societal changes, and technological advancements. From their humble beginnings as an evolution of larger bread loaves, bread rolls have become a beloved and versatile element of global cuisine.
Bread offers essential nutrients, primarily carbohydrates for energy. Whole-grain breads are rich in fiber for digestion and blood sugar control. They contain B vitamins (folate, niacin), supporting metabolism, and minerals like iron and magnesium for overall health. Antioxidants in some bread varieties may reduce disease risk. However, opt for whole-grain or whole wheat bread for maximum nutrition, and consume in moderation to avoid excess calories and potential weight gain.
**Quiz: How Well Do You Know Your Bread Rolls?**
**Question 1:** What is the main characteristic that distinguishes bread rolls from regular bread loaves?
a) They are sweeter
b) They are smaller and more refined
c) They are always gluten-free
d) They are always sourdough
**Question 2:** In which ancient civilization is the origin of bread-making often attributed?
a) Ancient Greece
b) Ancient Rome
c) Ancient Egypt
d) Ancient China
**Question 3:** Which type of bread roll is known for its intricate pretzel-like shape and unique flavor?
a) Baguette
b) Pretzel roll
c) Ciabatta
d) Brioche
**Question 4:** What is the term for the type of roll that is often round with a twisted pattern on the top?
a) Twisty roll
b) Knot roll
c) Swirl roll
d) Knot-top roll
**Question 5:** In which century did bread rolls gain popularity among the upper classes and aristocracy, often served at lavish banquets?
a) 14th century
b) 17th century
c) 19th century
d) 20th century
**Question 6:** Which country is famous for its "petit pain" or "pain de table" rolls, often served with meals?
a) Italy
b) France
c) Germany
d) Spain
**Question 7:** What type of bread roll is characterized by its soft and fluffy texture, commonly served during Thanksgiving and other festive occasions in the United States?
a) Bagel
b) Croissant
c) Brioche
d) Dinner roll
**Question 8:** What is the purpose of adding seeds, herbs, or cheese to bread roll dough?
a) To make the rolls look more decorative
b) To enhance the flavor and texture
c) To make the rolls rise faster
d) To make the rolls gluten-free
**Question 9:** Which type of roll is known for its hard and crispy crust, often made with olive oil and associated with Italian cuisine?
a) Pretzel roll
b) Baguette
c) Kaiser roll
d) Parker House roll
**Question 10:** Which modern advancement has made it easier to produce consistent and high-quality bread rolls on a larger scale?
a) Hand-kneading
b) Ancient stone ovens
c) Industrialization and technology
d) Sourdough starters
**Answers:**
1. b) They are smaller and more refined
2. c) Ancient Egypt
3. b) Pretzel roll
4. b) Knot roll
5. b) 17th century
6. b) France
7. d) Dinner roll
8. b) To enhance the flavor and texture
9. b) Baguette
10. c) Industrialization and technology
How did you do? Bread rolls have a fascinating history and are a delicious part of many culinary traditions!